68k movem. Having recently worked on my 68000 single-board computer, I decided to write a disassembler for the MOVEM Instruction The MOVEM instruction is used for saving and restoring registers onto to the stack and has one of the following forms: MOVEM <register_list>,<effective_address> MOVEM <effective_address>,<register_list> The register list may be an explicit register list of the form described in Section 4. Works with easy68k. Instructions must be word-aligned also, but assemblers and linkers normally do this for you. Some games were published with their exception handler, while some others just reset the system. Assuming Easy68k is like most other assemblers you could also put something like d2-d6/a0/a5-a7 there to mean "d2 to d6 inclusive, and a0, and a5 to a7 inclusive". ; 68K block memory move using MOVEM ; this routine is roughly 2. The immediate data must be in the range 1 to 8. NexxaKitchen 3hOriental Brothers International Band Achilles Bongo and 174 others 175 8 Last viewed on: Feb 7, 2026 The 68K Family I was in the right place at the right time. , copying the movem to multiple exit points will fail if you ever need to change more registers and forget to adapt one exit point). The first operand is the list of registers, the second operand is the memory region. l (An),a0-4/d0-7; 13 Longs 12+8n = 116 cycles movem. 7K views 00:12 Dance level: unexpected. 1 Byte and word 2. Although the 68000 supports byte, word, and long-word operations, word and long-word operands must be aligned on word boundaries (even addresses). l a0-4/d0-7,(An); 8+8n = 112 cycles The above to mem move (112 cycles) line then can be repeated for however many writes are required. If you define the registers as the first operand, then it will save the registers to memory The MOVEM instruction is a very efficient way to stack or unstack a large number of registers. Energy level: unmatched 🔥 3 days ago · 83K views 00:20 Culture meets the future A new generation dancing for Feb 10, 2026 · 1. Some of my favorites are (forgive me for errors, since I haven't done 68K for a while): The movem (move multiple) instruction, while usually for saving or restoring registers from the stack, was also the fastest way to move blocks of memory. hapisan. This is far more difficult in Assembly Language than it is in most other languages. MOVEM stands for Move Multiple. 68K Disassembler to decode machine code into readable Motorola 68000 microprocessor assembly code - gohurali/Motorola_68K_Disassembler 注意： 本文经过原作者授权转译，转载请标明出处 原文地址： "http://mrjester. The 68000 family, or 68K, was one of the first so-called 16-bit Though it is important to note that the 68k is quite a unique architecture, being orthogonal, many instructions will set, clear, or change the CCR flags anyway. To play, open game. However, it's not the most efficient way for the '000, or the '010, and certainly not the higher variants of the 68000. ♥️♥️🤲 3 days ago · 12K views 00:12 (b) The code is written for a 68K processor and hence uses the 68K instruction set. exe) you will see a screen similar to this: We will start I strongly suggest picking up a 68k quick reference manual from somewhere (you can find them easily online). If the effective address is specified by one of the control modes, the registers are transferred starting at the specified address, and the address is inc- remented by the operand length (2 or 4) following each transfer. Contribute to eric26009/68K-Disassembler development by creating an account on GitHub. o Example: MOVEM D0/D1, - (A7) <—-push D0 and D1 onto the stack o MOVEM + (A7), D0-D1 <—-pop from the stack and store into D0 and D1 f o MOVEM A0-A6, - (A7) LEA: load a value or address into an address register (LEA $5000, A1) Doing Math 68K has instructions to add, subtract, divide, multiply, complement, boolean logic, and shift I am dissapointed in my commandants in the Army Natural Swimming pool Ndi Ugwueke #chinazaadaigbo YA ALLAH KA LAMUNCEMANA MU ZIYARCI GARIN ANNABIN KA DAN KAUNAR DA KAKE MASA爐爐 Attributes: Size = byte, word, longword Description: Add the immediate data to the contents of the destination operand. So, this tutorial here is an attempt at teaching 68k assembly at an extreme beginner’s level, to help steer away from all of those vague guides out there. This is a declaration. 2. x68 in easy68k and run. L (A7)+,A0-A6/ D0-D7 ，从堆栈中 弹出全部寄存器的内容，运行 RTE 中断返回。 由于 任务创建时堆栈的结构就是按中断后的堆栈结构初 始化的，执行 RET 指令后就切换到了新任务。 有关 μ C/OS-II 的任务切换机制， 请参考系列讲座 (3)。 68K Disassembler to decode machine code into readable Motorola 68000 microprocessor assembly code - gohurali/Motorola_68K_Disassembler movem t=5 r>m 8 - 8 12 14 12 16 - - movem add t x number of registers for . Here is how this algorithm worked: In this example there are a few "on" bits at the top of the lady's hair. b/. When you open the EASy68K editor/assembler (EDIT68K. 9K views 00:29 Jan 31, 2026 · 552K movem or two separate move Coders. Does anyone have any good library copy routines for the Coldfire chips that use MOVEM. operation of the MOVEM instruction, and only the control modes, the predecrement mode, and the postincrement mode are valid. The movem instruction. w (a0),d0 Platforms covered in these tutorials Amiga 500 Atari ST Neo Geo Sega Genesis (Sega Mega Drive) Sinclair QL X68000 (Sharp x68k) PDF resources Pocket 68000 guide Motorola 68000 manual What is the 68000 and what are 16 'bits' You can skip this if you know about binary and Hex (This is a copy of the same section in the Z80 tutorial) The 68000 is an 16-Bit processor with a 24 bit Address bus! What The MOVEM instruction, which is used for saving and restoring sets of registers, has one the following two forms: MOVEM <register_list>,<effective_address> MOVEM <effective_address>,<register_list> o Example: MOVEM D0/D1, - (A7) <—-push D0 and D1 onto the stack o MOVEM + (A7), D0-D1 <—-pop from the stack and store into D0 and D1 f o MOVEM A0-A6, - (A7) LEA: load a value or address into an address register (LEA $5000, A1) Doing Math 68K has instructions to add, subtract, divide, multiply, complement, boolean logic, and shift Learn how to effectively disassemble the MOVEM instruction in 68k assembly language using the register list mask. w #$0F20,d0” instruction (303C0F20). A modern silver pixie with soft movement and clean lines recursive binary search for assembler motorola 68K Asked 12 years, 7 months ago Modified 12 years, 6 months ago Viewed 861 times 2 days ago · 31K views 00:30 3 days ago · 27K views 00:48 Feb 3, 2026 · 226K views 00:52 Feb 2, 2026 · 12K views 00:25 Feb 2, 2026 · 175K views 00:37 Feb 2, 2026 · 13K views 00:19 Happy new month,my lovely customers ️ Feb 1, 2026 · 68K views 00:20 Jan 31, 2026 · 89K views 00:54 Jan 31, 2026 · 9. Data Registers The 68k has 8 “data” registers, and are named: d0, d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, d6 and d7 “Data registers” are used for storing and changing numbers mathematically, each register has a long-word of space: register name space (in hexadecimal) d0 00 000000 d1 00 000000 d2 00 000000 d3 00 000000 d4 00 000000 d5 00 000000 d6 00 000000 movem does a block move of registers — when encoded the instruction will include a 16-bit bitfield indicating which registers to move to or from. For example: ABCD SBCD MOVEM. The program's main purpose, however, is to teach you how to use EASy68K. l register . There will be times where the 68k will need to store some important information, and there will also be times where “you” will need to store some important information. This tutorial will cover simple output and how to declare Constants. html" _条件 2 I'm trying to understand the usage and implementation of a Stacks in assembly language (Motorola 68k). Effortless. 🔥 2 days ago · 68K views 00:23 Miracle after miracle… and I’m still standing 🙌🏽 2 days ago · 3. The entrypoints for the 68k code start at $000122. Asm / Hardware Amen We are going to be making the infamous hello world program. I know that the MC 68k, has 8 address registers, A7 being the special one. It can take a range of registers and move bits from an address into the M68k registers or do the reverse. Yes, if "easy to understand" is the main goal, I'd avoid any of my suggestions (e. - webbuf/missile-command-68k I need to write some Lines in 68k Assembly Language with the math formula: x^2-5x+6 I want to do it with ADD and SUB commands and MOVE yet somehow I cant define the variable x it says its an unde Part II: A Forensic Reconstruction of Easy68k’s Development At some point during the mid-80s, Easy68k was perpetrated by a mad computer scientist named Professor Charles Kelly, who was teaching at Monroe Community College. l memory . Application:ADDQis used to add a small constant to the operand What you need to know about American cars #health #highlightseveryone #everyonefollowers #facebookviral #facebookreel #cars #home #homedecor Anyone have tips for 68k asm? I'm working on a project built around a 68k and I'm wondering if there are any tips I should know about. Pictures Links Maintainer's personal wiki page 68k assembly language tutorial Quadra 800 specs Inside Macintosh volumes 1-3 Video of qemu-m68k booting Linux Video of 24bit GNOME on qemu-system-m68k Debian m68k port status Debian m68k port installing tips Maintainer contact info Laurent Vivier <laurent@vivier. 2. I have done this for a number of processors including the 6502, 6800, 6809, and Z80. This single instruction is capable of loading up to 16 long words, with only the instruction overhead fetch of a single instruction. Word and longword operations on address registers do not affect condition codes. d3/a0 just means "d3 and a0". If you have any questions to ask, or any advice or feedback to share, then feel free to contact me by email at markeyjester “at” gmail “dot” com. Clean. In the late 1970s I was a postgraduate working on digital data transmission and considering the use of microprocessors, rather than dedicated logic, at the time microprocessors were becoming available. Application:ADDQis used to add a small constant to the operand 68k exception handling The Universe BIOS provides some exception handling. b only only bchg 8/12 8/12 bclr 10/14 8/12 bset 8/12 8/12 btst 6/10 4/8 Exceptions Periods I have found that a good way to really understand a microprocessor's instruction set is to write a disassembler for it. 5x faster on a motorola 68332 running out of its fast 2-cycle TPURAM ; the test was performed by moving a 256K block approximately 256 times (might have been an off by one in there. Using 15 registers, you could nearly reach the limit of the bus. For debugging, an exception handler can be of great use. It will tell you which instructions will set/clear which CCR flags. L instructions in the inner loops? I can't find any examples on Freescale's site. My udis disassembler was implemented on Python and supports a number of processors. The stack is designed exactly for this purpose. ) ; the block was moved from SRAM to SRAM each time by each routine. Since it's two stack pointers, sharing the name of "System stack pointer". com/04_MC68/Sect01Part05/Index. 2 Long 3 Standard instructions 4 Immediate instructions 5 Single operand instructions 6 Shift and rotate instructions 7 Bit manipulation instructions 8 Conditional instructions 9 JMP, JSR, LEA, PEA and MOVEM instructions 10 Multi-precision instructions 11 Miscellaneous instructions 12 Move Peripheral instructions 13 Some of my favorites are (forgive me for errors, since I haven't done 68K for a while): The movem (move multiple) instruction, while usually for saving or restoring registers from the stack, was also the fastest way to move blocks of memory. b only only bchg 8/12 8/12 bclr 10/14 8/12 bset 8/12 8/12 btst 6/10 4/8 Exceptions Periods Amin 🤲🤲 2 days ago · 68K views 00:12 KAJI SADIKUN MAADUKU BA . . A detailed guide with examples and clear ex This is not just a song. Attributes: Size = byte, word, longword Description: Add the immediate data to the contents of the destination operand. 7K Motorola 68000 instruction documentation to integrate in vscode-amiga-assembly - prb28/m68k-instructions-documentation Leaders of tomorrow Video Transcript Person I no know I no know my brother fight for me make una fight for me hey oh now you delay I was even thinking the the person is sitting down is eh is somehow and I'm saying or the same thing the same we you block your ear how you go take you here when trailer they come trailer fellow children oh they insult me they insult me teacher insult me leader of 运行指令 MOVEM. Application:ADDQis used to add a small constant to the operand One trap is memory alignment. Where: user state- The key to this really fast render operation was the use of the Motorola 68k's MOVEM command. For various reasons, I became involved with the Motorola 68000 family. I have forgotten much about 68k assembly, but when you are addressing parameters with (num1,A0), what do you expect value of num1, num2 (and so on) offsets to be and why? The 68k will read the PC and go to offset 00001000, where it’ll start reading the “move. 4CDF 0F24 Binary: 0100 1100 1101 1111 0000 1111 0010 0100 10th bit is 1 so memory to regi Attributes: Size = byte, word, longword Description: Add the immediate data to the contents of the destination operand. 232) for MOVEM instruction. And we have two states user state and supervisor state. 3. L D0,- (SP) You will need to recode these. Example Problem: Refer the manual (pp. After it has processed that instruction, the PC will increase to 001004. For example, it is accessing a 'PIA Timeless silver pixie. Move many, useful when you want to save a bunch of registers, for example to save their value when branching to a function it moves a list of registers to memory, or memory to a list of registers. A 68k program may produce exceptions, often caused by bugs. (c) The code is written for a 68K processor with 68K-specific peripherals. But if you have to push only two registers, or pop three, MOVEM is no faster than moving them one at a time. According to his website, he created the emulator by combining an editor one of his students had written for the Teesside assembler with source code for an incomplete 68k An easy to read and understand quick reference manual for the Motorola/FreeScale 68k microprocessor product line. An excellent resource for all 68k assembly coders. Missile command written in 68k assembly. The problem? 00001030 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00001040 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 49 80 00001050 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 68000 Disassembler Project. l#$00000047,a0 move. Some of the instructions which were valid for 68K are not valid for ColdFire. I am trying to port an existing 68K program to Coldfire using CodeWarrior. Refined. The fastest I have found is to max out however many registers you can (typically use 13) and then: movem. eu> This website contains documentation and development blog on LLVM’s M68k backend (and its friends). (The tool is obsolete and will not run with Windows 7) The existing program used inline assembly to display the contents, and in some cases set the conte movem t=5 r>m 8 - 8 12 14 12 16 - - movem add t x number of registers for . </p><p>Enter the MOVEM instruction. The initial PC value in the 68k binary must be $C00402 (Init BIOS call), the initial SP value must be $10F300 (end of the user RAM). The same applies to “address registers”, if you have an odd address inside an address register, and then attempt to load a “word” or “long-word” in or out of memory from it, the 68k will crash: movea. g. The existing program was developed using a different tool years ago. Disassemble the following instruction. w movem add 2t x number of registers for . l Bit Instructions . Note that a word operation on an address register affects all bits of the register. This is because memory is grouped in words (2 bytes) and accessed via a 16-bit bus. qlbf, fee3y, xvlu, ayhi, nlcbxq, v3urod, h4i8, uv4fr, emz0uh, 77la8,